Foundations & languages

Before frameworks and cloud, align on language semantics, memory, and concurrency—they shape bug classes, performance ceilings, and how teams communicate. Use this chapter as a reference for selection, code review, and performance triage.

After this chapter you should: articulate core tradeoffs for a language; spot data races and deadlock patterns; attribute slowness to allocation, algorithms, or I/O instead of swapping libraries blindly.

Scope

Topic	Notes
Languages & selection	Type systems, ecosystems, team skill curves
Concurrency & performance	Threads, coroutines, async I/O, measurement

Tie-in to architecture · layering: fundamentals answer how code runs correctly; architecture answers how modules are organized.

Articles

Topic	Page
Languages & selection	languages
Concurrency & performance	concurrency

See also

• Domain hub and order: Software development
• Delivery: Git workflow, CI/CD